Public Interest Litigation and Writ Petitions

When the question is about the large public interest, then certain rights available to any citizen, person, which can be exercised. The other important issue is about the rights, which may be private and / or public rights and are to be protected under the Constitution of India. Out those rights, some are fundamental rights which cannot be curtailed, revoked and if there is any act by anyone, then there are certain remedies available in our Constitution. One can approach for protection of those rights, who is having locus standi to approach there.

That jurisdiction to protect the rights, those may be private and / or public, is with High Courts and Supreme Court of India. We are discussing the private and public rights in short.

Those may be briefly stated as -

A. Fundamental and other Statutory Personal Rights -

1. Right of Life and Personal Liberty

2. Right of Freedom of Speech and Expressions

3. Right of Privacy

4. Right of Trade and Business

5. Right of Education

6. Cultural, Educational Rights of Minorities

7. Right of Religion

8. Right of Justice, Equality and Free Legal Aid

9. Rights of Accused, Protection for certain offenses and protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

10. Rights of Employee and Employer, Employment

11. Right of Social, Economic and Political Justice

12. Right against Exploitation

13. Protection of Human Rights

14. Rights and Liabilities of members of Armed Forces

15. Rights about Environment, Ecology

16. Rights of Bonded Labour and Child Labour

17. Riot Victims and Public Peace

18. Contempt of Courts

19. Right about Communication and Social Media

20. Atrocity, Social Offences

21. Sexual Harassment

22. Gender Justice - Right to Live-in-Relationship, Homosexuality

23. Rights to Press, Pre-Censorship, Journalism

24. Offenses against Personal Laws - Children Marriage, Divorce, Maintenance

25. Compensation and Damages under different heads, reasons

26. Right of Health - Medical treatment and facilities, Abortion etc.

27. Right of Pension

B. Public Issues -

1. Certain Principles, Policy followed by State

2. Encroachment on Public Property

3. Poverty